Hunan Province lies in the south of the middle Yangtze River valley,
with its name meaning "south of the lake" because most of the
province is located on the south of the Dongting Lake. Situated 108'47"-114'13"
east longitude and 24'38"-30'08" north latitude, it has an area
of 210,000 square kilometers.
Climate
Hunan in the sub-tropical area has a warm climate, with cold, short winters
and hot, long summers. It has four clearly contrasted seasons, abundant
rainfall, and a mean annual precipitation of 1,300-1,700 mm. Its mean
annual temperature is 16oC-18.5oC -- the hottest month, July, averaging
26-30oC and the coldest month, January, 4-7oC.
Administrative Division and Population
It is divided into 1 autonomous prefecture, 13 prefecture-level cities,
16 county-level cities, 65 counties and 7 autonomous counties, with a
population of 64.40 million by 2000, mainly including ethnic groups of
Han, Tu, Miao, Hui, Dong, Yao, Hui, Uygur, and Zhuang, etc.
Food Xiang Cuisine (Hunan Cuisine) is one of the Eight Great Cuisines in
China. Famous dishes include Dong'an Chicken, Peppery and Hot Chicken
(Hot and Spicy Chicken), Orange Beef, Sweet and Sour Chicken, and Crispy
Duck, etc.
Culture
Xiang Opera, Huagu (Flower Drum), Shadow Plays, and Flower Lamp, etc.
Special Local Product
The traditional local specialties include Changsha Xiang Embroidery, Liuyang
Fireworks and Firecrackers, Yueyang Fan, Changsha Xiang Lotus, and Yueyang
Whitebait (salangid), etc.
Brief Introduction
Hunan Province, known as Xiang for short, is located at the south bank
of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, with Changsha as its provincial
capital. According to archaeological finds and recorded history, there
were human beings living in this area more than 8,000 years ago. Hunan
Province was officially set up in 1664 during the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911).
Hunan is known as the land of fish and rice because of plentiful production
of rice, cotton, tung oil, orange, and fresh water fishes. It is also
noted as the home for rich mineral resources.
Hunan Province is famous for its picturesque scenery. There are places
of historic interest and scenic beauty, such as Yuelu Mountain, Hengshan
Mountain, Jiuyi Mountain, the Yueyang Tower, the Dongting Lake and Wulingyuan
Scenic and Historic Interest Area.
There are a lot of celebrities in Hunan history, and the most famous
are: Qu Yuan, a great poet and one of the four ancient cultural celebrities
in the world; Cai Lun, who invented papermaking and made the first piece
of fabric paper in the world; Qi Baishi, the most famous contemporary
Chinese painter; Mao Zedong, the founder of the People's Republic of China;
Yuan Longping, who is well known in the world for the rice-hybriding skill.
The former residences of these celebrities and sites of some revolutionary
events, as well as the distinctive ethical folk arts of Miao and Tu ethnic
minorities in Hunan, are quite worth a visit.
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