Guangdong is bounded by the South China Sea and is the southern gateway
of China. Situated 3'28"-25'31" north latitude and 108'13"-119'59"
east longitude, it has an area of more than 180,000 square kilometers,
more than 170,000 square meters of which is land. Guangdong neighbors
Jiangxi and Hunan provinces in the north, Fujian Province in the east
and the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in the west. It has a long zigzag
coastal line of 3,368.1 kilometers, and 651 islands with a total coastal
line of 1,649.5 kilometers.
Climate Crossed by the Tropic of Cancer in the central part of its continental
portion, tropical and sub-tropical Guangdong has a climate marked by high
temperature and plentiful rainfall. It has the highest mean temperature
of 28oC in July (the hottest month in a year) and 13oC in January (the
coldest month in a year). The greater part of the province has a mean
annual precipitation of about 1,500-2,000 mm. and 140-160 rainy days.
The coastal regions are frequently visited by typhoons between July and
August.
Administrative Division and Population It is divided into 21 prefecture-level cities, 33 county-level cities,
43 counties and 3 autonomous counties, with a population of 86.42 million
as of 2000, mainly including ethnic groups of Han, Yao, Zhuang, Manchu,
etc.
Food
Guangdong cuisine, one of the Eight Great Cuisines, emphasizes seafood,
and unique, mixed flavorings. It is divided into three branches: Guangdong
food is traditional Guangdong cuisine; Chaozhou food is similar to Fujian
cuisine because Chaozhou neighbors Fujian Province; and Dongjiang food,
which is represented by Huizhou food, emphasizes domestic animals and
poultry. The dietetic culture of Guangdong has retained many eating habits
and customs of the ancient people, such as eating snakes. In short, to
the people of Guangdong, everything that walks, crawls, flies, or swims
is edible.
Culture Yueju (Guangdong Opera), Chaoju (Chaozhou Opera), and Nanyin (a kind
of local music)
Brief Introduction
Guangdong, Yue for short, is located in south China, with Guangzhou as
its capital city. Thousands of years ago, the Yue people resided here.
That is why Guangdong is also called Yue. In the 8th year (887BC) during
the reign of King Yi of the Zhou Dynasty (11th century -- 256BC), the
capital of the Chu State was in Guangzhou. After the First Emperor of
the Qin Dynasty (221-206BC) unified the whole China, Nanhai Prefecture
was founded in Guangdong. In the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911), Guangdong Province
was established, and this name has been in use ever since.
It adjoins Wuling Mountains to the north and the South China Sea to
the south, with a landscape sloping from north to south. It's mountainous
in north, and in the south there are coastal plains, hills and tablelands.
The deltas of the Pearl River and Han River are its chief plains. The
West River, the North River and the East River, known as "the Peal
River System", as well as Han River are Guangdong's main waterways.
Its coastal line is long and zigzag with numerous offshore islands.
Its main industrial products cover cane sugar, garments, leather, paper,
stationery, arts and crafts, pharmaceuticals, plastics, pottery, electric
machinery, electronics, and communication equipment, the output value
of which all stands in the forefront in China. Guangdong also holds an
important place in China in the production of rice, silk, tea, jute and
tropical crops. It has well-developed sea and ocean fishing as well as
freshwater and seawater aquiculture.
The capital city of Guangzhou is the largest city in South China and
the political, economic, cultural, transportation and travel center of
the province. Shenzhen, Zhuhai and Shantou of Guangdong Province have
been listed as special economic zones.
As one of the locations of China's Special Economic Zones, and bordering
Hong Kong and Macao, Guangdong has marked advantages in utilizing overseas
capital and technology and carrying out foreign economic and technical
cooperation. It is also one of the home provinces of oversea Chinese.
Guangdong boasts abundant natural and historical sites and sceneries,
including Yuexiu Hill in Guangzhou, botanical garden of South China, Xiqiao
Mountain, Conghua Hot Springs, the Window of the World, the Yuexiu Park,
the Seven Star Crags, and Dinghu Mountain. Guangzhou and Chaozhou are
the renowned historical and cultural cities and Foshan is one of the Four
Great Towns nationwide.
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