Jilin Province - Capital Cities and Tombs of China's Ancient Koguryo Kingdom 中国高句丽王城、王陵及贵族墓葬

Capital cities and tombs of China’s ancient Koguryo Kingdom were inscribed on the World Heritage List on July 2, 2004 by the 28th Session of the World Heritage Committee Convention in Suzhou, East China’s Jiangsu Province. The ruins are scattered in Ji’an City of Northeast China’s Jilin Province and Huanren Manchu Autonomous County of the neighbouring Liaoning Province. They include remains of three cities and 40 tombs, Wunü Mountain City, Guonei City and Wandu Mountain City, with 14 tombs of imperial families and 26 of nobles 主要包括五女山城、国内城、丸都山城、14座王陵、26座贵族墓葬。They all belong to the Koguryo culture, named after the dynasty that ruled over parts of northern China and the northern half of the Korean Peninsula from 37 BC to AD 668.

The distribution of the Koguryo ruins overlaps with the land used for production and daily life of one third of the city’s population. In March 2003, civil servants with 43 departments of Ji’an City government moved out of the city government building, which was built on the ruins of Guonei City of Koguryo Kingdom, to work in 20 separate places. The original location of the city government building has now been turned into a Koguryo Kingdom Ruins Park, where archaeololgical workers discovered a large site of palace ruins.

Huanren Manchu Autonomous County in Liaoning Province, where the early capital of Wunü Koguryo regime was situated, has not only published a set of rules on the site, but also enlarged the protected areas to 34 square kilometers, while making detailed provisions on cultural relics, natural landscape and the bilolgical environment inside the area. The local government dismantled a 75-meter-long cableway and two factories inside the protected area, where some 66 hectares of arable land had been reverted to green and 500 modern graves relocated elsewhere. Also the local government financed the compilation of materials about the Koguryo ruins to be used as textbooks among primary and middle school students.

Guonei City, Wandu Mountain City, King’s tombs and Nobles’ s tombs, both Guonei City and Wandu Mountain City, capitals of the early and middle Koguryo Kingdom, are the masterpieces of capital construction, while the ancient tombs are the epitome of Koguryo’s high architectural and art achievements.

The selection committee also agreed to put the Complex of the Koguryo Tombs, which is inside the Democratic People’ s Republic of Korea (DPRK) on the heritage list in 2004.

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