An Introduction to Jiangxi Province 江 西 省 简 介

Abbreviation: Gan赣
Capital: Nanchang
Area: More than 160,000 square kilometers
Population: 42.63 million
Location: In central-south China and the south flank of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.

Ancestors of today’s residents used flint implements to exploit this rich land more than 5,000 years ago. A town was first built in over 200 BC. In 202 BC, of the Western Han Dynasty, Yuzhang Jun (jun used to be an ancient administrative division equal to a present-day prefecture) was established, which governed a county named Nanchang. Since then, a county or a Jun or a province was set up in this area. At the beginning of the Southern Tang Dynasty (937-975) it was once made the southern capital. Nanchang, under various the names of Nanchang, Yuzhang, and Honghu has existed for more than 2,000 years. In 1926, the Northern Expeditionary Army北伐军 occupied Nanchang, and it became a municipality. On August 1, 1927, Zhou Enlai, Zhu De, he Long, Ye Ting, Liu Bocheng, and other revolutionary leaders led the famous Nanchang Uprising, which sent shock waves throughout the world, firing the first shot against the Kuomintang reactionaries.

Located at the south flank of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, Jiangxi Province is the hinterland of the Pearl River Delta, the Yangtze River Delta and the Southeast Fujian Delta. It is also an important area along the Yangtze River economic belt and the Beijing-Kowloon Railway. The province is rich in natural resources, arable land, water, forest, and minerals. The province boasts more than 140 kinds of mineral resources. Reserves include non-ferrous metals, rare earth and rare metals, such as copper, silver, gold, tantalum, rubidium, cesium, scandium, sulphur, and powder quartz, Other important mineral reserves include uranium, marble, kaolin, granite and fluorite. The Dexing Copper Mine is the largest of its kind in Asia. The Guixi Smelting Plant is China’s largest copper smelting one.

The province’s freshwater coverage accounts for 10 per cent of the total of China—and the Poyang Lake is China’s largest freshwater lake. Forest covers more than half of the land.

Since the Beijing-Kowloon Railway opened to traffic, the province has become the hub of transport of North China, East China, South China, Hong Kong and Macao. The province boasts four civil airports including Nanchang, Jiujiang, Jingdezhen and Ganzhou airports. Since the opening-up and reform in 1978, the province has witnessed great achievements in economic and social progress. The ubiquitous picturesque scenery of the province attracts the tourist from home and abroad. The following are highlights of what can be seen in the province: the Lushan Mountain, the Jinggang Mountain, the Sanqing Mountain, and the Longhu Mountain, of which the Lushan Mountain was selected as a World Heritage by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization in 1996. The tourist can feast his /her eyes on natural beauty all the year round. In spring, azaleas in full bloom cover the Jinggang Mountain with burning red. In hot summer, the Lushan Mountain shelters the tourist. In autumn, the Sanqing Mountain stands high against the birds flying over the rippling waves of the Poyang Lake. The lake is the largest fresh-water and one of the most celebrated lakes in China, located in the northern part of Jiangxi Province. It encompasses 3,583 square kilometers, the lake surface being 21 meters above seas level; the lake is up to 16 meters deep. The city of Jingdezhen is noted for its porcelain ware. It is a magnet for visitors both at home and abroad.

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