Zhengzhou 郑州市

Zhengzhou, capital of Henan Province, has a history of about 3,000 years. The city is the point of intersection of Jingguang (Beijing-Guangzhou) and Longhai (Lianyuangang-Lanzhou) railways. Its industries include textile, metallurgy, chemicals, electric power, automobile and tobacco. Its prime tourist attractions are the Yellow River Tourism Zone, the Monument to the Great Strike of February 7 (Genotaph) and People’s Park.

Yellow River Tourist Area 黄河游览区

Rising in Qinghai Province in western China, the Yellow River is China’s second largest river. It winds to the east, covering 5,464 kilometers through nine provinces, fraining an area of about 750,000 square kilometers. It starts in Qinghai Province and flows through Sichuan, Gansu, Ningxia, Inner Mongolia, Shaanxi, Shanxi and Henan provinces and autonomous regions before reaching Shandong from where it flows into the Bohai Sea.

The exceptionally high silt content of the Yellow River has made the river well known for many centuries. Calculations show that a cubic meter of water contains 37.5 kilograms of silt, the highest among all the great rivers of the world. Statistics reveal that each year the volume of water pouring into the sea is approximately 50 billion cubic meters, while the amount of silt carried downstream is as much as 1.6 billion tons. If the silt were to be transported, 1.1 million 4-ton trucks carrying one load a day for one year would be required to remove it.

About 90 per cent of the silt from the loess plateau, a 570,000-square-meter area in Northwest China that suffers from serious soil erosion. When the river current slows at the lower reaches, more than one-quarter of the silt sinks to the riverbed, raising it 10 centimeters annually.

A fantastic phenomenon is thus formed: the lower section has become a “suspended river,” running 3 to more than 10 meters above the areas along its courses. Once the situation reached the limit of the River’s dikes and dams, the River usually overflowed its banks and changed its course of flowing into the sea, and the “suspended river” in the Yellow River Delta changed its course once every 10 years on the average before 1976. In 1976, the local government successfully built a man-made course of Yellow River and it is now used to dredge the River flowing into the sea. The course has been used for more than twenty years without accidents since then.

According to the periodic change of the Yellow River’s course in the past, it is time and again for the river’s course leading to the sea to be changed naturally. In their recent inspection, the experts found that the conditions of the river’s course were stable and the stability could be maintained for another 30 or 50 years. Meanwhile experts said that the stability of the river’s course would have great significance for the future development of the Yellow River Delta.

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