China's Higher Education

Higher educational institutions play a very important role in China's education and in scientific research. China now has more than 1,000 higher educational institutions. China's universities are classified into those directly under the State Education Ministry, those under other ministries or state-level commissions, those under provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities, and those under local major cities and private universities. To ensure the quality of students admitted to higher education, China has set up a strict entrance examination system. Those students graduating with senior school diplomas can enter universities or institutions only after they have passed the national entrance examinations held once a year in June. The academic year of a full time university is generally divided into two semesters. The first semester begins in early September and the second at the end of February. Each semester lasts about 20 weeks, and each week 5 days. Chinese universities provide students with a wide range of courses from the 12 fields of learning: Philosophy, Economics, Law, Mathematics, Pedagogies, Literature, History, Natural Science, Engineering, Administration, Medicines and Military studies. Courses are available for Diploma, Bachelor's, Master's and Doctor's Degrees. University teaching in China is strictly conducted according to the teaching program and syllabus. University education is composed of classroom lectures, classroom discussions, laboratory lessons, exercises and guidance lectures. On the spot instruction, instruction tours, instruction experiment and social studies are often organized to supplement the classroom instruction. These activities are intended to consolidate the results of classroom instruction, improve the ability of students to work independently and the capacity to practice their knowledge. China's universities play a crucial role in the advancement of science and in technology and economic development. China's universities have established around four thousand research institutes and about ten thousand faculties to meet the need of the various degree programs. According to statistics, universities make nearly half of the invention projects in China.

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