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A Passage to China (走近中国) - Chinese PaintingThough Chinese painting has much in common with western painting from an aesthetic point of view, it still possesses its unique national character. Chinese traditional paint seldom follows the convention of expression so as to better express his subjective feelings. Chinese painting has absorbed the best of many forms of art, like poetry, calligraphy, painting, and seal engraving. In the past, many great artists were also great poets and calligraphers. Take Mr. Qi Baishi(1863-1957), a great master painter, as an example. Mr.Qi was a skillful poet, painter, calligrapher and seal-cutter. Qi, a native of Hanan Province, injected his ink painting with typical Chinese farmers’ tastes- simple, pure, and humorous. All this made him an artistic giant of the 20th century. The Chinese often consider a good painting is like a good poem, and vice versa, hence the expression” painting in poetry and poetry in painting”. Chinese painting is a combination in the same picture of the arts of poetry, calligraphy, painting and seal-engraving. They were indispensable elements, which supplement and enrich each other in contributing to the beauty if the whole picture. Pines, bamboo and plum blossoms are “ bosom friends in winter”. The three plants were meant to embody the qualities of people who were upright and showed rectitude. They became favorite objects for traditional Chinese painters. Chinese painting can be divided into four categories according to its format: murals, screens, scrolls, and albums and fans. In addition, they are frequently mounted against exquisite backgrounds to enhance their aesthetic effect. In terms of technique, Chinese painting can be divided into two broad categories: meticulous painting and free sketch painting. The former means drawing with fine, delicate strokes. The latter is characterized by vivid expression an bold outline. By subject matter, they can be divided into painting of figures, landscapes, buildings, flowers, birds, animals, insects and fish. The brush techniques so much emphasized in Chinese painting include not only line drawing(goufa), but also stylized expressions of shade and texture(cunfa), the dotting method(dianfa) and the application of color(ranfa). Apart from traditional painting, there are other picture types: Iron pictures, made of iron, are noted for its rough outline and classical elegance. They originated in the Ming Dynasty. Shell pictures are rather imposing and colorful, while feather pictures are noted for their delicate craftsmanship. Vivid and attractive, embroidered pictures are unique in style. The embroidery in done on a piece of paper or silk. There is another specialty in painting- the snuffbox. Most snuffboxes are made of high quality transparent glass. Skilled craftsmen use special brushes to draw miniature pictures on the inner surface of the boxes. It requires unique skills and techniques to draw such pictures. Sometimes it takes a craftsman several days to paint a snuffbox. Some of the designs are traditional. “ Hundred Children Playing Games” is one such design. There are a hundred lovely children o both sides of a pair of tiny little snuffboxes. Each child is given a different posture and manner. Chinese paper-cutting is very popular among foreign friends. It’s a kind of Chinese folk art. Yangzhou, a city in Jiangsu Province, has the name “ the home of Chinese paper-cutting”. Stage figures and different kinds of animals and flowers are cut to be true to life. Sometimes, artistic exaggeration is adopted. In central and northern China, paper-cutting is used to decorate windows. It can also serve as a nice decoration on walls and tea tables. Painting and pictures represent the wisdom and creativeness of the Chinese people. They have often won high admiration of artists throughout the world.
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